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"marxist socialism is at its core deeply optimistic. for however thorough-going its criticism of capitalist and bourgeois institutions may be, it is committed to asserting that within the society constituted by those institutions,
all the human and material preconditions of a better future are being accumulated. yet if the moral impoverishment of advanced capitalism is what so many marxists agree that it is, whence are these resources for the future to be derived?
it is not surprising that at this point marxism tends to produce its own versions of the ubermensch: lukac's ideal proletarian, leninism's ideal revolutionary. when marxism does not become weberian social democracy or crude tyranny, it tends to become nietzschean fantasy."